With more than 87,000 inhabitants, this provincial capital is today an important economic center. Founded by the Arabs in the second half of the 8th century, it served as a fortress between the Arab and Christian worlds and was called Wad al-Hayara, a name that means the "valley of castles" or the "valley of stones". It seems that the Romans, who also had a camp there, would have nicknamed it Arriaca, which also means the "valley of stones". In the 14th century, the Mendoza family settled here and successfully worked to enrich the city. The family built the Palace of the Dukes of theInfantado, an honorary title granted by the king, whose architecture is divided between Gothic, Flemish and Mudejar art and which today houses the Provincial Museum. A must-see in the city, along with the Pantheon of the Condesa de la Vega del Pozo.

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