LAC POYANG

Covering more than 3,000 km² at flood stage, Poyang Lake is China's largest freshwater lake. Located in northern Jiangxi, it borders several towns, including Jiujiang, which often serves as the main access point to its shores. Fed by numerous tributaries, including the Gan Jiang, it empties into the Yangtze, playing a fundamental role in the region's ecosystem and in regulating the river's waters. But this lake with its shifting contours is also a fascinating natural phenomenon: its expanse can vary considerably with the seasons, giving way to swamps and meadows in periods of low water. Poyang is a veritable sanctuary for biodiversity. Its vast wetlands attract thousands of migratory birds every year, including the endangered Siberian crane, which takes refuge here in winter. For nature lovers, the Poyang Lake Nature Reserve, located near Wucheng, offers an exceptional setting for observing these birds.

An almost dry lake? Its water level is subject to significant seasonal variations, aggravated in recent years by the Three Gorges Dam upstream. Faced with recurring droughts, a 3,000-meter-long dam project has been proposed to better regulate the lake's flow and stabilize water supplies to surrounding regions. For several years now, this project has aroused serious concern among environmentalists and scientists. They fear a major impact on biodiversity. By altering the natural hydrological cycle, the dam could accelerate the drying up of the lake, affecting bird migration and compromising local fishing, an essential activity for riverside communities.

Historically, Poyang Lake has also been the scene of significant events. It was here, in 1363, that one of the greatest naval battles in Chinese history pitted the forces of Zhu Yuanzhang, future founder of the Ming dynasty, against the Han fleet. This decisive battle paved the way for the reunification of China under the Ming. Even today, the lake conceals numerous sunken remains, and local legends even speak of a "Chinese Bermuda Triangle", where several ships mysteriously disappeared.

In addition to its ecological and historical significance, Poyang Lake is also an essential place to live for the region's inhabitants. Its fish-filled waters support numerous fishing communities.

Between history, economy and nature, Poyang Lake remains one of Jiangxi's most fascinating treasures.