MUSEUM OF THE PATRIOTIC WAR OF 1812
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The Napoleonic Wars, and especially the Russian campaign, profoundly upset the country's psyche and motivated a political and cultural national renewal which is one of the foundations of modern Russia. Traces of this phenomenon can be found in the name of the conflict, nicknamed "the Patriotic War of 1812" and only surpassed by the Great Patriotic War or (World War II for the Western bloc) which caused between 23 and 30 million Soviet deaths; in the architecture of the city, the gargantuan Cathedral of the Holy Saviour (the most important place of worship in the country) having been created to commemorate the Russian victory over the Great Army. No wonder then that it was in the heart of the capital, in the country's former Duma (Parliament), in what was the Lenin Museum during the Soviet Union, that the permanent exhibition on the War of 1812 was chosen. This conflict is told as the epic story of the confrontation between two empires culminating in the battle of Borodino and the story of the burning of Moscow before ending with the disastrous retreat of the French troops and the liberation of Europe by Russian forces, all the way to Paris. The museum thus presents a very varied collection that includes uniforms, weapons, engravings and documents of the period as well as personal artefacts of Napoleon, his marshals and his Russian adversaries. The collection is well presented with explanations in English.
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