Lamartine, who stayed in Niš in 1823, brought back fragments of Serbian folk songs and shared his very positive impressions of the Serbs, their bravery and their warm welcome in Voyages en Orient. In 1918, the French Army of the East was welcomed as liberators. This long tradition of links with France explains the presence of a French cultural center and several associations maintaining cultural contacts with France.History has left its indelible mark on this city. Emperor Constantine was born here and resided here on several occasions, and the Roman site of Medijana was completely renovated for the great celebration of the seventeen hundredth anniversary of the Edict of Milan in 2013. In the heart of the city, the Turks left their mark with the fortress overlooking the Nišava, and above all with the famous Skull Tower, the symbol of Serbia's defeat by the Ottomans in 1809. This metropolis, directly linked to Belgrade by freeway, commands the south of the country, linking Macedonia to the west and Bulgaria to the east. Thanks to its crossroads location, Niš is an essential stopover for road traffic from Central Europe to Greece and Turkey. The vitality of its cultural life is evidenced by its festivals and galleries, as well as by the hustle and bustle of its town center, which testifies to its role as a communications hub. However, the city is not yet benefiting much from the country's economic recovery. The town's inhabitants still remember the 1999 NATO bombing campaign, which killed several people and destroyed the central market, a school and a tobacco factory. However, all this has never stopped the Nišlije (inhabitants of Niš) from continuing to sing those delicious southern Serbian melodies that can be heard in the town's cafés and restaurants. Finally, Niš is the starting point for excursions into the Stara Planina, the mountain range that defines the Serbian-Bulgarian border. A true southern town.Transportation. The railway station is in Dimitrija Tucovića bb. It's a little out of the way. If you have luggage, municipal buses no. 1, 5, 6 and 10 connect the station with the city center.To/from Belgrade: approx. 6 hrs. To/from Kumanovo: 4h

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