It is located on the northern coast of the Krasnoyarsk Territory region, between the Dépression Depression and the Newfoundland archipelago, or the Severnaïa Zemlia in Russian. Its surface area is 400 000 km 2. In the west, it is bathed by the Kara Sea in the east by the sea of the Laptev. To the north it ends with Cape Tcheluskine. It includes Okroug (district) De (or Nenets-Nenets District), formed on 10 December 1930, the population of which reaches almost 60 000 individuals (65% of urban dwellers). The indigenous people are the Nenets (1 000!), whose language belongs to the samoyed group and whose origins are assumed to originate from the displaced Saïan tribes in the first century. (C); the Dolganes (4 000!), of man origin but which speak a iakoute dialect; Nganassanes (1 000!); Les (from the Samoyed group); and the. All these ethnic groups are bilingual and speak Russian. Living in hunting and reindeer husbandry, they lead a nomadic existence, living under transportable tents (les). The Okroug de, whose centre is Doudinka, is a polar desert region. Very violent winds often blow there in storm (pourga). To the south are the eroded Monts mountains (200 to 1 000 m high), the bare tundra or stony tundra where vegetation only appears by plating, marsh tundra and glaciers 50 km long. The average temperature of January is 30 ° C, the average temperature of July of + 2 ° C to + 13 ° C.Taïmyr has many lakes among which the largest is Lake Taïmyr. Deep 26 m long, 200 km wide, 20 km wide, it is the second Siberian lake by its dimensions after the Baikal. It is rich in rare fish, as well as rivers full of lavarets, salmon and shadows. The exceptional brightness of the region has an intense plankton bloom that the fish enjoy. The summer is accompanied by a brief period of traditional and industrial fishing, and, for nature, a renewal of vegetation that promotes the resumption of animal migration: geese and ducks return to the lake.Taïmyr is rich in deposits of polymetallic ores, coal and gas. The fishing industry is well developed in Doudinka, Khatanga, Kamenogorsk '-Gate. The Kamenogorsk '-Krasnoïarskaïa plant, built in 1970-1973 with a water tank of 1 561 km 2, operates near the Messoïakha gas Pipeline (Tioumen region) -Norilsk. Navigation is provided by the famous Northeast Passage, Sur and the Khantaïka River.South of the peninsula is the largest national reserve (1 348 316 ha), the centre of which is in Khatanga. Farmers are living in milk production as well as in the rearing of fur cattle (silver fox and blue) and reindeer. Reindeer move to the rhythm of seasons, looking for lichens under snow. When this rhythm is disturbed, hunger threatens herds. Thus, during the mild winter of 1996, rivers covered only a thin layer of ice in the Far North, which made them impassable. The herds, blocked in their migration, experienced starvation.In the th century, Russian explorers were sales Taïmyr by winning the Mer Sea. In 1875, the region was studied by the expedition of Nordenskiöld in 1876 by that of Sibiriakov. In 1877, Russian captain D. Schwanenber conquered Taïmyr, through the seaway, from siberian goods: furs, fish, graphite. Polar explorers Edouard von Toll, Fridtjof Nansen and Roald Amundsen, who travelled thousands of kilometres across the Arctic, named this country «the area of polar darkness and the icy horror».

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