Abéché, the capital of the Abbassides and the former Sultanate of Ouaddai, was founded by Sultan Mohamed Chérif in 1850, after the abandonment of Ouara, the former capital of the Kingdom, which was the victim of drought. The new city, whose name means «happy», quickly becomes prosperous, drawing its resources from transsahariennes caravans and pilgrims on the road to Mecca, whose reception was assured by the hausa hausa in the centre of the city. At the arrival of the French in 1909, Abéché, an economic pole, is the country's most populous city with 28 000 inhabitants. But the many taxes introduced by the new occupiers, the epidemics of 1913 and 1917, the cut-cut case in 1917, during which 27 fakis (scholars Muslim) were beheaded, following a rumour of conspiracy, resulted in the exodus of the population to the Sudan and Egypt, to expatriation of scholars and to the establishment of the scholars. a climate hostile to the French. In 1919, the city had only 6 000 inhabitants, who were reluctant to form any form of modernism and Western education.The end of the Second World War saw the birth of many parties of traditional chiefs, but in 1961, after the failure of the conference for national unity held by President Tombalbaye in Abéché, parties, which became illegal, joined the mass Frolinat. As a result, Abéché regularly became a bridge leader for the rebels, alternately occupied by Goukouni Oueddeï, Hissène Habré and Idriss Déby, who used it before walking on the capital…Currently, Ouaddai, whose governorate is located in Abéché, is the fourth largest region in Chad (732 000 per cent in 2010); the majority living around the regional capital, which has experienced a large influx of ngos and humanitarian organisations. However, Abéché still retains its traditional oriental perfume, despite its new invaded paved lanes of rackchas, these three-wheeled women's vehicles…. As soon as one leaves the main aisles, the streets gradually narrow up the earth, flooded with sand and timid women shrouds in the face of the passage of foreigners. In the centre of the city, the large market, whose covered part is a veritable labyrinth between the different merchants'neighborhoods, is turns between the stands of the open sky in the wadi.

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