The capital of the province of the same name, Ghazni is located on the Kabul-Kandahar road at 2 200 m above sea level. The winters are very cold and the city is usually covered with snow. A former capital of the Ghaznavides dynasty, the city has undergone a period of cultural and artistic development. From this past, there is not much left. Ghazni houses a number of Islamic and pre-Islamic sites, which it is worth being chosen as the capital of Islamic culture for the Asian region 2013, by the Islamic Education, science and culture Organization (ISESCO).The city is now known for its markets for sheep, camels and cereals, for its wool and fruit. The city is also very well known for its coats of embroidered sheep. Jackets of this kind were quite popular in Europe in the 1960 s. It is not clear how much Ghazni counts with Inhabitants, probably between 30 000 and 15 000. The modern city developed at the foot of the impressive ruins of the citadel, opposite the Ghazni River.History. We have to imagine the past of Ghazni, because, today, there is still little left… in the th century after B.C., Ghazni was a great Buddhist center. In 683, the city resisted the Arab army's progress. Gradually, however, Arabs importèrent Islam in the region. Ghazni was razed in 869 by the Saffarides. Rebuilt, it became, under the Ghaznavides, the capital of an empire comprising northern India, Persia and Central Asia. The Ghaznavides dynasty was the first Muslim dynasty in Afghanistan. It was founded by King Mahmud, who reigned from 997 to 1030. Ghazni owes him many embellishments and many of his monuments. The Ghaznavides favorisèrent the penetration of Islam from India. The kingdom was rich: beautiful libraries, prestigious buildings. The Ghaznavide Empire lasted until 1160. The capital of Ghazni, a brilliant and renowned capital, lasted from the th to the th century. The city had a leading economic and military position. At the time of its peak, Ghazni hosted poets, musicians, writers, artists and scientists. His prestige shone throughout Afghanistan. But the glorious city was once again razed, then rebuilt in 1151 by Alauddin Le. In 1221, Genghis Khan and his Mughal army brought the city to a bag. Ghazni's strategic position, both economic and military, ensured his resurrection. However, in the fourteenth century, the city was conquered by Timur, before falling into the hands of the Mughal emperor Babur. In 1747, Ghazni was connected to the new kingdom of Afghanistan, founded by Ahmad Shah Durrani. During the two Anglo-Afghan wars, fighting took place in the vicinity of Ghazni. A British garrison settled in the citadel between 1839 and 1842, when it was besieged by the Afghans. And, in the 1940 s, the city's loudspeakers were still standing.In the 1990 s, the town of Ghazni is in full activity. It thrives on trade and agriculture. The province is governed by Qari Baba, a Pashtun who has been able to eliminate all his potential rivals.

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